We would recommend a charge controller for a boat battery as you could be in the situation where the engine has fully charged the battery and the panel is trying to charge it which can limit the life span of the battery. If the battery is always in use and never gets fully charged then you could use this panel without a controller.
Unfortunately not, the Albany solar panel has batteries included and runs at a different voltage so these wouldn't be compatible.
Yes you can. It may even be worth looking at a bigger panel if the water pump is on all the time, any 12v panel will be compatible when wired in series.
Yes, you'd need the right connector though to plug into the Astron. We still have some Astron panels left here, these would be the best option.